Original title: "Security Special Issue 03 | OKX Web3 & WTF Academy: One second you work hard to mine, and the next second you are "stolen" by hackers? "

Original source: OKX

Introduction | OKX Web3 wallet has specially planned the "Security Special Issue" column to answer different types of on-chain security issues. Through the most real cases that happen to users, in conjunction with experts or institutions in the security field, dual sharing and answers from different perspectives, we will sort out and summarize the rules of safe transactions from the shallow to the deep, aiming to strengthen user security education while helping users learn to protect their private keys and wallet asset security from themselves.

The operation of mining is as fierce as a tiger, but the safety factor is negative 5?

As a high-frequency user of on-chain interactions, security is always the first priority for the "Mao Ren"

Today, the two major "pit avoidance kings" on the chain teach you how to carry out security protection strategies

This issue is the 03rd issue of the security special issue. We invite industry-renowned security experts 0xAA and the OKX Web3 wallet security team to explain the common security risks and preventive measures of "Mao Ren" from the perspective of practical guidelines.

WTF Academy:Thank you very much for the invitation from OKX Web3. I am 0xAA from WTF Academy. WTF Academy is a Web3 open source university that helps developers get started with Web3 development. This year we incubated a Web3 rescue project, RescuETH (on-chain rescue team), which focuses on rescuing the remaining assets in users' stolen wallets. So far, we have successfully rescued more than 3 million RMB worth of stolen assets on Ethereum, Solana, and Cosmos.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team:Hello everyone, I am very happy to be able to share this. The OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team is mainly responsible for the construction of various security capabilities of OKX in the Web3 field, such as the construction of wallet security capabilities, smart contract security audits, and on-chain project security monitoring, etc., providing users with multiple protection services such as product security, fund security, and transaction security, and contributing to the maintenance of the entire blockchain security ecosystem.

Q1: Please share a few real risk cases encountered by people who use the software

WTF Academy:Private key leakage is one of the major security risks faced by GitHub users. In essence, a private key is a string of characters used to control crypto assets, and anyone who has a private key can fully control the corresponding crypto assets. Once a private key is leaked, an attacker can access, transfer, and manage the user's assets without authorization, causing the user to suffer financial losses. Therefore, I will focus on sharing several cases of private key theft.

Alice (pseudonym) was induced by hackers on social media to download malware, and her private key was stolen after running the malware. Currently, malware comes in various forms, including but not limited to: mining scripts, games, conference software, earth-rushing dog scripts, clamp robots, etc. Users need to improve their security awareness.

Bob (pseudonym) accidentally uploaded his private key to GitHub, which was obtained by others, resulting in the theft of assets.

When Carl (pseudonym) consulted on the project's official Tegegram group, he trusted the fake customer service who contacted him and leaked his mnemonic words, and then his wallet assets were stolen.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team:There are many such risk cases. We have selected several classic cases that users have encountered when they were playing with money.

The first category is fake airdrops released by high-imitation accounts. When user A was browsing a popular project's Twitter, he found an announcement of an airdrop activity under the latest Twitter, and then clicked on the announcement link to participate in the airdrop, which eventually led to phishing. Currently, many phishers use high-imitation official accounts and post false announcements under official Twitter to lure users into the trap. Users should be careful to distinguish and not take it lightly.

The second category is that the official account is hijacked. The official Twitter and Discord accounts of a certain project were hacked, and then the hacker posted a fake airdrop event link on the official account of the project. Since the link was released from the official channel, user B did not doubt its authenticity. After clicking on the link to participate in the airdrop, he was phished.

The third type is encountering malicious project parties. When user C participated in the mining activity of a certain project, in order to obtain higher reward income, he invested all USDT assets in the staking contract of the project. However, the smart contract has not been strictly audited and is not open source. As a result, the project party stole all the assets deposited by user C in the contract through the backdoor reserved in the contract.

For staking users, who often have dozens or hundreds of wallets, how to protect the security of wallets and assets is a very important topic. You need to be vigilant at all times and improve your safety awareness.

Q2: As a high-frequency user, what are the common security risks and protective measures for the on-chain interactions of the smurfs?

WTF Academy: For smurfs and even all Web3 users, the two common security risks are: phishing attacks and private key leakage.

The first type is phishing attacks: hackers usually impersonate official websites or applications, trick users into clicking on social media and search engines, and then induce users to trade or sign on phishing websites, thereby obtaining token authorization and stealing user assets.

Preventive measures: First, it is recommended that users only access official websites and applications from official channels (such as links in the official Twitter profile). Second, users can use security plug-ins to automatically block some phishing websites. Third, when users enter suspicious websites, they can consult professional security personnel to help determine whether it is a phishing website.

The second type is private key leakage: It has been introduced in the previous question and will not be expanded here.

Preventive measures: First, if the user has a wallet installed on their computer or mobile phone, try not to download suspicious software from unofficial channels. Second, users need to know that official customer service usually will not take the initiative to send you private messages, let alone ask you to send or enter private keys and mnemonics on fake websites. Third, if the user's open source project requires the use of private keys, please configure the .gitignore file first to ensure that the private key is not uploaded to GitHub.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team: We have summarized 5 common security risks in users' on-chain interactions, and listed some protective measures for each type of risk.

1. Airdrop scam

Risk profile: Some users often find a large number of unknown tokens in their wallet addresses. These tokens usually fail to trade on commonly used DEXs. The page will prompt users to exchange them on its official website. Then, when users authorize transactions, they often grant smart contracts the authority to transfer account assets, which eventually leads to asset theft. For example, in the Zape airdrop scam, many users suddenly received a large number of Zape coins in their wallets, which seemed to be worth hundreds of thousands of dollars. This made many people mistakenly believe that they had accidentally made a fortune. However, this is actually a carefully designed trap. Since these tokens cannot be queried on regular platforms, many users who are eager to cash out will find the so-called "official website" based on the name of the token. After connecting the wallet as prompted, they thought they could sell these tokens, but once authorized, all assets in the wallet would be stolen immediately.

Protection measures: Avoiding airdrop scams requires users to be highly vigilant, verify the source of information, and always obtain airdrop information from official channels (such as the project's official website, official social media accounts, and official announcements). Protect private keys and mnemonics, do not pay any fees, and use the community and tools for verification to identify potential scams.

2. Malicious smart contracts

Risk profile: Many unaudited or open-source smart contracts may contain vulnerabilities or backdoors, and cannot guarantee the safety of user funds.

Protection measures: Users try to interact only with smart contracts that have been strictly audited by formal audit companies, or pay attention to checking the project's security audit report. In addition, projects that usually have bug bounties are more secure.

3. Authorization management:

Risk profile: Over-authorization to interactive contracts may lead to theft of funds. Here are some examples: 1) The contract is an upgradeable contract. If the private key of the privileged account is leaked, the attacker can use the private key to upgrade the contract to a malicious version, thereby stealing the assets of the authorized user. 2) If there are unidentified vulnerabilities in the contract, over-authorization may allow attackers to use these vulnerabilities to steal funds in the future.

Protection measures: In principle, only the necessary amount of authorization is performed on the interactive contract, and unnecessary authorization needs to be checked and revoked regularly. When signing the off-chain permit authorization, be sure to be clear about the target contract/asset type/authorization amount to be authorized, and think twice before acting.

4. Phishing Authorization

Risk Profile: Clicking on a malicious link and being induced to authorize a malicious contract or user

Protection Measures: 1) Avoid blind signing: Before signing any transaction, make sure you understand the content of the transaction to be signed and ensure that each step is clear and necessary. 2) Be cautious about the authorization target: If the authorization target is an EOA address (Externally Owned Account) or an unverified contract, be vigilant. Unverified contracts may contain malicious code. 3) Use anti-phishing plug-in wallets: Use plug-in wallets with anti-phishing protection, such as OKX Web3 wallet, which can help identify and block malicious links. 4) Protect mnemonics and private keys: All websites that require mnemonics or private keys are phishing links. Do not enter these sensitive information on any website or application.

5. Malicious ripping scripts

Risk profile: Running malicious ripping scripts will cause Trojans to be implanted in your computer, which will lead to the theft of your private key.

Protection measures: Be cautious when running unknown phishing scripts or phishing software.

In short, we hope that users can be cautious and protect their wallets and assets when interacting on the chain.

Q3: Sort out the classic phishing types and techniques, and how to identify and avoid them?

WTF Academy:I would like to answer this question again from another perspective: that is, once a user finds that his assets have been stolen, how to distinguish whether it is a phishing attack or a private key leak? Users can usually distinguish between these two types of attack characteristics:

1. Characteristics of phishing attacks: Hackers usually obtain authorization for one or more assets under a user's single wallet through phishing websites, thereby stealing assets. Generally speaking, the type of stolen assets is equal to the number of times the user authorizes on the phishing website.

2. Characteristics of private key/mnemonic phrase leakage: Hackers completely gain control of all assets in all chains under a single or multiple wallets of the user. Therefore, if one or more of the following characteristics appear, it is likely to be a private key leakage:

1) Native tokens are stolen (such as ETH in the ETH chain), because native tokens cannot be authorized.

2) Multi-chain assets are stolen.

3) Multi-wallet assets are stolen.

4) Multiple assets are stolen from a single wallet, and it is clearly remembered that these assets have not been authorized.

5) There is no authorization before stealing tokens or in the same transaction (Approval event).

6) The transferred Gas will be transferred away by hackers immediately.

If it does not meet the above characteristics, it is likely a phishing attack.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team:Try to avoid being phished. First of all, you need to pay attention to 2 points: 1) Remember not to fill in the mnemonic/private key on any web page; 2)

Make sure the link you visit is an official link, and click the confirmation button on the wallet interface carefully.

Next, we share some routines of classic phishing scenarios to help users understand more intuitively.

1. Fake website phishing: Impersonating the official DApp website to induce users to enter private keys or mnemonics. Therefore, the first principle of users is not to provide their wallet private keys or mnemonics to anyone or any website. Secondly, check whether the URL is correct, try to use official bookmarks to access commonly used DApps and use regular mainstream wallets, such as OKX Web3 wallet, which will warn of detected phishing websites.

2. Stealing main chain tokens: Malicious contract functions are named Claim, SeurityUpdate, AirDrop and other misleading names. The actual function logic is empty and only transfers the user's main chain tokens.

3. Transferring with similar addresses: Scammers will generate addresses with the same first and last digits as a user's associated address through address collision, use transferFrom to transfer 0 amount to poison, or use fake USDT to transfer a certain amount of money, etc., to pollute the user's transaction history, hoping that the user will copy the wrong address from the transaction history for subsequent transfers.

4. Impersonating customer service: Hackers impersonate customer service, contact users through social media or email, and ask for private keys or mnemonics. Official customer service will not ask for private keys and will ignore such requests.

Q4: For professional coiners, safety precautions should be taken when using various tools

WTF Academy:Since coiners are involved in a wide variety of tools, they should strengthen safety precautions when using various tools, such as

1. Wallet security: Ensure that private keys or mnemonics are not leaked, do not save private keys in unsafe places, and avoid entering private keys on unknown or untrusted websites. Users should store private keys or mnemonics in a safe place, such as offline storage devices or encrypted cloud storage. In addition, for wallet users with high-value assets, using a multi-signature wallet can increase security.

2. Prevent phishing attacks: When users visit any related websites, be sure to check the URL carefully and avoid clicking on links from unknown sources. Try to obtain download links and information from the project's official website or official social media, and avoid using third-party sources.

3. Software security: Users should ensure that antivirus software is installed and updated on their devices to prevent malware and virus attacks. In addition, wallets and other blockchain-related tools should be updated regularly to ensure the latest security patches are used. Due to security vulnerabilities in many fingerprint browsers and remote desktops before, it is not recommended to use them.

Through the above measures, users can further reduce the security risks when using various tools.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team: Let's take a public case in the industry.

For example, the BitFingerprint Browser provides functions such as multi-account login, preventing window association, and simulating independent computer information, which is favored by some users, but a series of security incidents in August 2023 exposed its potential risks. Specifically, the "plug-in data synchronization" function of the BitBrowser allows users to upload plug-in data to a cloud server and quickly migrate it on a new device by entering a password. Although this function was originally designed to facilitate users, it also has security risks. Hackers obtained users' wallet data by hacking into the server. Through brute force, hackers cracked the user's wallet password from the data and obtained wallet permissions. According to server records, the server storing the extension cache was illegally downloaded in early August (log records were as late as August 2). This incident reminds us that while enjoying convenience, we must also be vigilant about potential security risks.

Therefore, it is crucial for users to ensure that the tools they use are safe and reliable to avoid the risk of hacker attacks and data leaks. Generally speaking, users can improve certain security from the following dimensions.

1. Use of hardware wallets: 1) Update the firmware regularly and purchase through official channels. 2) Use on a secure computer and avoid connecting in public places.

2. Use of browser plug-ins:) Use third-party plug-ins and tools with caution, and try to choose reputable products such as OKX Web3 wallet. 2) Avoid using wallet plug-ins on untrusted websites.

3. Use of transaction analysis tools: 1) Use trusted platforms for transactions and contract interactions. 2) Carefully check the contract address and calling method to avoid misoperation.

4. Use of computer equipment: 1) Regularly update the computer equipment system, update the software, and patch security vulnerabilities. 2) Security antivirus software, regularly check and kill computer system viruses.

Q5: Compared with a single wallet, how can a coin user manage multiple wallets and accounts more safely?

WTF Academy:Since coin users interact frequently on the chain and manage multiple wallets and accounts at the same time, they need to pay special attention to asset security.

1. Use hardware wallets: Hardware wallets allow users to manage multiple wallet accounts on the same device. The private key of each account is stored in the hardware device, which is relatively more secure.

2. Separation of security strategies & separation of operating environments: The first is the separation of security strategies. Users can achieve the purpose of risk diversification by separating wallets for different purposes. For example, airdrop wallets, trading wallets, storage wallets, etc. For another example, hot wallets are used for daily transactions and coin operations, and cold wallets are used for long-term storage of important assets, so that even if a wallet is damaged, other wallets will not be affected.

The second is to separate the operating environment. Users can use different devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, computers, etc.) to manage different wallets to prevent the security issues of one device from affecting all wallets.

Third, password management: Users should set strong passwords for each wallet account and avoid using the same or similar passwords. Or use a password manager to manage passwords for different accounts to ensure that each password is independent and secure.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team:For LuMao users, it is not easy to manage multiple wallets and accounts more securely. For example, the wallet security factor can be improved from the following dimensions:

1. Diversify risks:1) Do not put all your assets in one wallet, store them in different ways to reduce risks. Choose different types of wallets, such as hardware wallets, software wallets, cold wallets, and hot wallets, according to the type and purpose of your assets. 2) Use multi-signature wallets to manage large amounts of assets for increased security.

2. Backup and recovery:1) Regularly back up your mnemonics and private keys and save them in multiple secure locations. 2) Use hardware wallets for cold storage to avoid private key leaks.

3. Avoid duplicate passwords:Set strong passwords for each wallet and account, and avoid using the same password to reduce the risk of one account being hacked and causing other accounts to be threatened at the same time.

4. Enable two-step verification:When possible, enable two-step verification (2FA) for all accounts to increase account security.

5. Automated tools:Reduce the use of automated tools, especially those services that may store your information in the cloud or on third-party servers to reduce the risk of data leakage.

6. Restrict access rights:Only authorize trusted people to access your wallet and account, and limit their operating permissions.

7. Regularly check the security status of your wallet:Use tools to monitor wallet transactions to ensure that no abnormal transactions occur. If a wallet private key is found to be leaked, immediately replace all wallets, etc.

In addition to the dimensions listed above, there are many more. In any case, users should ensure the security of their wallets and assets through multiple dimensions as much as possible, and do not rely solely on a single dimension.

Q6: What are the protection suggestions for transaction slippage, MEV attacks, etc. that are actually related to the jackpot?

WTF Academy:It is crucial to understand and prevent transaction slippage and MEV attacks, which directly affect transaction costs and asset security.

Take MEV attacks as an example. Common types include: 1) Front-running, where miners or trading robots preemptively execute the same transaction before the user's transaction to make a profit. 2) Sandwich attack, where miners insert buy orders and sell orders before and after the user's transaction to profit from price fluctuations. 3) Arbitrage: arbitrage using price differences in different markets on the blockchain.

Users can avoid public broadcasting on the blockchain by submitting transactions to the miners' dedicated channels through the MEV protection tool. Or reduce the risk of being attacked by reducing the transaction disclosure time, that is, reducing the time the transaction stays in the memory pool, using higher gas fees to speed up transaction confirmation, and avoiding large transactions concentrated on one DEX platform.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team: Transaction slippage refers to the difference between the expected transaction price and the actual execution price, which usually occurs when the market is volatile or liquidity is low. MEV attacks refer to attackers taking advantage of information asymmetry and trading privileges to obtain excess profits. The following are some common protection measures for these two scenarios:

1. Set slippage tolerance: Due to the delay in the transaction on the chain and the possible MEV attack, users need to set a reasonable slippage tolerance in advance when trading to avoid transaction failures or capital losses due to market fluctuations or MEV attacks.

2. Trade in batches: Avoid one-time large transactions and trade in batches to reduce the impact on market prices and reduce the risk of slippage.

3. Use trading pairs with high liquidity: When trading, choose trading pairs with sufficient liquidity to reduce the occurrence of slippage.

4. Use anti-frontrunning tools: Try not to use Memepool for important transactions. You can use professional anti-frontrunning tools to protect transactions from being captured by MEV robots.

Q7: Can users use monitoring tools or professional methods to regularly monitor and detect wallet account anomalies?

WTF Academy: Users can use a variety of monitoring tools and professional methods to regularly monitor and detect abnormal activities in wallet accounts. These methods help improve the security of accounts and prevent unauthorized access and potential fraud. Here are some effective monitoring and detection methods:

1) Third-party monitoring services: Currently, many platforms can provide users with detailed reports and real-time alerts on wallet activities.

2) Use security plug-ins: Some security tools can automatically block some phishing websites.

3) Wallet built-in functions: Wallets such as OKX Web3 can automatically detect and identify some phishing websites and suspicious contracts, and provide warnings to users.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team:Currently, many companies or organizations have provided a large number of tools for monitoring and detecting wallet addresses. We have compiled some of them based on public information in the industry, such as:

1. Blockchain monitoring tools: Use blockchain analysis tools to monitor abnormal transactions of wallet addresses, fund changes, set address transaction notifications, etc.

2. Secure wallets: Use professional wallets such as OKX Web3 wallets, which can support transaction pre-execution and detect suspicious transactions in a timely manner; they can also detect and prevent interactions with malicious websites and contracts in a timely manner.

3. Alert Systems: Alerts of transactions or balance changes can be sent according to the conditions set by the user, including SMS, email or App notifications.

4. OKLink token authorization query: Check the wallet's authorization for DApps, revoke unnecessary authorizations in a timely manner, and prevent authorizations from being abused by malicious contracts.

Q8: How to protect privacy and security on the chain?

WTF Academy:Although the open and transparent nature of blockchain brings many benefits, it also means that users' transaction activities and asset information may be abused, and on-chain privacy protection has become increasingly important. However, users can protect their personal identity privacy by creating and using multiple addresses. Fingerprint browsers are not recommended because many security vulnerabilities have occurred before.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team:Currently, more and more users are beginning to pay attention to privacy and security protection. Common methods include

1. Multi-wallet management: Disperse user assets to reduce the risk of a single wallet being tracked or attacked.

2. Use multi-signature wallets: Multiple signatures are required to execute transactions, which increases security and privacy protection.

3. Cold wallets: Store long-term assets in hardware wallets or offline storage to prevent online attacks.

4. Do not disclose your address: Avoid sharing your wallet address on social media or public platforms to prevent being tracked by others.

5. Use a temporary email address: When participating in airdrops or other activities, use a temporary email address to protect your personal information from being exposed.

Q9: If a wallet account is stolen, how should the user respond? Are there any efforts or mechanisms to help stolen users recover their assets and protect user assets?

WTF Academy: We have launched separate responses for phishing attacks and private key/mnemonic word leaks.

First, when a phishing attack occurs, the assets authorized by the user to the hacker will be transferred to the hacker's wallet, which is almost impossible to rescue/recover; but the remaining assets in the user's wallet are relatively safe. The RescuETH team recommends that users take the following measures:

1) Withdraw the asset authorization given to the hacker

2) Contact the security company to track the stolen assets and hacker addresses.

Secondly, when the private key/mnemonic phrase is leaked, all valuable assets in the user's wallet will be transferred to the hacker's wallet, which is almost impossible to rescue/recover, but the assets that cannot be transferred from the user's wallet can be rescued, such as unlocked pledged assets and unissued airdrops, which are also our main rescue goals. The RescuETH team recommends that users take the following measures:

1) Check whether there are assets in the wallet that have not been transferred by the hacker as soon as possible. If so, transfer them to a safe wallet immediately. Sometimes hackers miss some assets of unpopular chains.

2) If the wallet has unlocked pledged assets and unissued airdrops, you can contact a professional team for rescue.

3) If you suspect that malware has been installed, disinfect your computer as soon as possible and delete the malware. If necessary, you can reinstall the system.

Currently, we have made many attempts to rescue the assets of stolen users.

First, we are the first team to conduct large-scale rescue of assets from stolen wallets. In the Arbitrum airdrop event in March 2023, I collected more than 40 private keys of leaked wallets from nearly 20 fans and competed with hackers for the $ARB airdrop. In the end, ARB tokens worth $40,000+ were successfully rescued with a success rate of 80%.

Second, when a user's wallet is stolen, assets with economic value will be transferred away by hackers, while NFTs or ENS that have no economic value but are commemorative to the user will remain in the wallet. However, since the wallet is monitored by hackers, the transferred-in Gas will be transferred away immediately, and users cannot transfer this part of the assets. In response to this, we have made a self-help rescue application: RescuETH App, which is based on the MEV technology of Flashbots bundle, which can package transactions for transferring in Gas and transferring out NFT/ENS, preventing hackers from monitoring scripts to transfer out Gas, thereby successfully rescuing assets. Currently, RescuETH App is in internal testing and is expected to start public testing in June.

Third, for some assets that can be rescued in the user's stolen wallet (unlocked pledges and unissued airdrops), we provide paid and customizable white hat rescue services. Currently, our white hat team consists of nearly 20 security/MEV experts, and has rescued more than 3 million RMB worth of assets from stolen wallets of chains such as ETH, Solana, and Cosmos.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team: We will discuss this from two perspectives: user measures and OKX Web3 Wallet security mechanisms

1. User measures

Once a user finds that their wallet has been stolen, it is recommended to take the following measures urgently:

1. Emergency response measures

1) Immediately transfer funds: If there are funds in the wallet, transfer them to a safe new address immediately.

2) Revoke authorization: Revoke all authorizations immediately through the management tool to prevent further losses.

3) Track the flow of funds: Track the flow of stolen funds in a timely manner, and organize detailed information about the theft process in order to seek external help.

2. Community and project support

1) Seek help from the project and community: Report the incident to the project and community, and sometimes the project can freeze or recover the stolen assets. For example, USDC has a blacklist mechanism that can block fund transfers.

2) Join blockchain security organizations: Join relevant blockchain security organizations or groups to use collective strength to solve problems.

3) Contact wallet customer support: Contact the wallet's customer support team in a timely manner for professional help and guidance.

2. OKX Web3 Wallet Security Mechanism

OKX Web3 Wallet attaches great importance to the security of user assets, and continues to invest in protecting user assets, providing multiple security mechanisms to ensure the security of users' digital assets.

1) Black address tag library: OKX Web3 Wallet has established a rich black address tag library to prevent users from interacting with known malicious addresses. The tag library is continuously updated to respond to changing security threats and ensure the security of user assets.

2) Security plug-in: OKX Web3 wallet provides built-in anti-phishing protection to help users identify and block potential malicious links and transaction requests, and enhance the security of user accounts.

3) 24-hour online support: OKX Web3 wallet provides customers with 24-hour online support, promptly following up on customer asset theft and fraud incidents, and ensuring that users can quickly get help and guidance.

4) User education: OKX Web3 Wallet regularly publishes security tips and educational materials to help users improve their security awareness, understand how to prevent common security risks, and protect their assets.

Q10: Can you share cutting-edge security technologies, such as whether AI can be used to enhance security protection?

WTF Academy: Security in the blockchain and Web3 fields is an evolving field, and various cutting-edge security technologies and methods are constantly emerging. The current popular ones are

1) Smart contract auditing: Using AI and machine learning to automate the security auditing of smart contracts can detect vulnerabilities and potential risks in smart contracts, providing faster and more comprehensive analysis than traditional manual auditing.

2) Abnormal behavior detection: Use machine learning algorithms to analyze on-chain transactions and behavior patterns to detect abnormal activities and potential security threats. AI can identify common attack patterns (such as MEV attacks, phishing attacks) and abnormal transaction behaviors, and provide real-time warnings.

3) Fraud detection: AI can analyze transaction history and user behavior to identify and mark possible fraudulent activities.

OKX Web3 Wallet Security Team: Currently, AI has many applications in the Web3 field. Here are some scenarios where AI is used to increase Web3 security protection:

First, anomaly detection and intrusion detection: Use AI and machine learning models to analyze user behavior patterns and detect abnormal activities. For example, deep learning models can be used to analyze transaction behavior and wallet activities to identify potential malicious behavior or abnormal activities.

Second, phishing website identification: AI can detect and block phishing websites by analyzing web page content and link features, protecting users from the threat of phishing attacks.

Third, malware detection: AI can detect new and unknown malware by analyzing the behavior and characteristics of files, preventing users from downloading and executing malicious programs.

Fourth, automated threat response: AI can automate response measures, such as automatically freezing accounts or performing other protective operations after detecting abnormal activities.

Finally, thank you for reading the 03rd issue of the OKX Web3 Wallet "Security Special Issue". We are currently preparing for the 04th issue, which will not only include real cases, risk identification, but also security operation tips. Stay tuned!

Disclaimer:

This article is for reference only and is not intended to provide (i) investment advice or investment recommendations; (ii) an offer or solicitation to buy, sell or hold digital assets; or (iii) financial, accounting, legal or tax advice. Holding digital assets (including stablecoins and NFTs) involves high risks and may fluctuate significantly or even become worthless. You should carefully consider whether trading or holding digital assets is suitable for you based on your financial situation. Please be responsible for understanding and complying with local applicable laws and regulations.

This article is from a contribution and does not represent the views of BlockBeats.

欢迎加入律动 BlockBeats 官方社群：

Telegram 订阅群：https://t.me/theblockbeats

Telegram 交流群：https://t.me/BlockBeats_App

Twitter 官方账号：https://twitter.com/BlockBeatsAsia